Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA):
- Launched during India’s G20 Presidency in 2023
- Founding members include India, Brazil, and the United States
- Focuses on promoting sustainable biofuel technologies such as ethanol blending, flex-fuel vehicles, and sustainable aviation fuels
India–Brazil Partnership Highlights:
- Brazil is a global leader in ethanol production and biofuel use
- India aims to achieve 20 percent ethanol blending in petrol by 2025
- The partnership supports technology sharing, rural development, and large-scale adoption of clean fuels
India–United States Trade Tensions (Context):
- The US recently imposed a 25 percent tariff on Indian imports
- This has delayed progress on expanding bilateral trade to 500 billion US dollars by 2030
- Despite trade issues, cooperation continues between India, Brazil, and the US within the GBA framework
Strategic Importance of the Alliance:
- Strengthens energy security for developing countries, especially in the Global South
- Contributes to climate change goals by reducing reliance on fossil fuels
- Supports rural economies by creating demand for agricultural by-products used in biofuel production