Why is it in the news?
→ Union Finance Minister tabled the Economic Survey 2025–26 in Parliament ahead of the Union Budget.
→ The survey highlighted India’s macroeconomic resilience and transition from “Strategic Resilience” to “Strategic Indispensability”.
Category
Economy
Important Points
- Prepared by the Economic Division, Ministry of Finance under Chief Economic Adviser; first presented 1950–51, separate document since 1964. FY26 Real GDP growth estimated at 7.4%; GVA growth at 7.3%.
- India expected to grow 6.8–7.2% in FY27; fastest-growing major economy for fourth consecutive year. Private Final Consumption Expenditure grew 7.0% in FY26, reaching 61.5% of GDP (highest since 2012). Gross Fixed Capital Formation rose 7.8%, sustaining ~30% of GDP.
- Services GVA estimated to grow 9.1% in FY26. The Centre's effective capex rose from 2.7% (pre-pandemic) to ~4% of GDP in FY25; SASCI kept State capex at ~2.4% of GDP.
- GST collections Apr–Dec 2025: ₹17.4 lakh crore (+6.7% YoY); GST 2.0 proposes two-rate structure. Gross NPA declined to 2.2% and Net NPA to 0.5% (Sept 2025); credit growth 14.5% YoY (Dec 2025).
- PMJDY accounts reached 55.02 crore; PMMY disbursed ₹36.18 lakh crore across 55.45 crore loans. Demat accounts crossed 21.6 crore; 12 crore unique investors; ~25% women.
- Total exports FY25: USD 825.3 bn; services exports USD 387.6 bn (13.6% YoY).
- Forex reserves rose to USD 701.4 bn (11 months import cover); remittances USD 135.4 bn.
- Average CPI inflation Apr–Dec 2025 at record low 1.7%.
- Foodgrain output AY 2024–25: 3,577.3 LMT; horticulture surpassed foodgrains.
- Central capex rose from ₹2.63 lakh crore (FY18) to ₹11.21 lakh crore (FY26 BE).
- National highways expanded to 1,46,572 km; power capacity 509.74 GW; tele-density 86.76%; 5G in 99.9% districts. Renewable capacity addition in 2025: 38.61 GW.
- Survey flags shift to “Strategic Indispensability”, calling for AI-led growth, manufacturing push, and climate-resilient development.