Rocks and Rock Cycle: Which type of rock is formed from cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock material called magma (underground) or lava (on the surface) cools down and solidifies. This process can happen either beneath the Earth’s surface, forming intrusive igneous rocks like granite, or on the Earth's surface after volcanic eruptions, producing extrusive rocks like basalt. The solidification leads to the formation of crystalline structures depending on the cooling rate.